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1. INTRODUCTION
The short story entitled TA-NA-EKA by Mary Whitebird tells about a tradition of Indian tribe. The tradition is about a ritual survival that every the Indian people who are in the age of eleven have to join it. But many younger families on the reservation begin to give up the old custom. Maybe those many younger families didn’t do the Ta-Na-E-Ka anymore but they still remember or keep in their mind and tell to their children as a tradition history. Well, in that tradition the participants have to know how to survive by them self in wilderness using Indian traditional clothes and Mary is the Indian girl who wants to escape from TA-NA-EKA. She complains to her mother and her teacher, but she didn’t get any response and still have to join it. Another reason why she can’t leave TA-NA-EKA is because of her grand father, actually her granfather is person who is in charge of TA-NA-EKA. At least, Mary and her cousin Roger come to the ritual. The two children go in different way : Roger makes his ritual in normal way, he try to survive in wilderness, meanwhile Mary, she makes her ritual in uncommon way, she stay in a restaurant and gets a lot of foods. Actually, according to the role, Mary hasn’t passed the ritual and is asked to repeat it, but she refuses and explains that she has passed the ritual by her brain.
Well, the character Mary here is shown a clever girl in solving her problem. She has many tricks to face her problem by herself, i.e when she has to join Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual, actually she wants to escape from it, but in the end, she joins and make the ritual by her way. This is the part that I like most. That’s way I choose Mary as the object of psychological aspect. She shows to the reader how we should manage a problem. In the real life there must be many problems, and Mary shows to me how to manage a problem without appearing any new problem. According to the story, Ta-Na-E-Ka is survival ritual in the woods. That is the ritual based on the ancient rule, just like Mary’s grandfather did. Meanwhile Mary makes the ritual in modern way. It should be right, because in the story Mary lives in modern era, different with her grandfather era, and Mary knows how to survive well.
2. CONTENT
The general description of the character Mary is that she is an eleven Kaw girl from Indian tribe. She is a good student and loves her school. It is explicitly stated in the story in the first page. She has a smart thinking, we can see from the way she manage her self in joining Ta-Na-E-ka. We know that only the smart or creative who can think or manage how to preserve in wild area without doing unfair. She has different way with the original role. She can preserve her self without living in wild area. We can imply that it may represent how Indian people should survive in modern era. Next characteristic of Mary is that she is responsible girl, it shows from her promise which is convincing her schoolteacher how she can pay for her rent. Mary is also brave. Why I can say so? I know it from the way she explains her Ta-Na-E-Ka to her grandfather. Although maybe in the story Mary didn’t realize her brave. Mary is also honest girl, I can say so from the way she explained her Ta-Na-E-Ka to her family. Even though she knows that her family would complain about it, she still keeps telling the truth, whether what she is eaten, where she is staying, and etc. Another character is Mary actually loves her Indian tradition, although she didn’t realize it. It is when she explains about her tradition to Ernie, the people whom she met in her Ta-Na-E-ka progress. She explains everything well and her story shows that she is prove with her tradition.
In analyzing the psychology development, I’d like to start from the model of psycho first. The id or pleasure principal of Mary is she wanted to escape from Ta-Na-E-Ka. Mary taught if girls shouldn’t have go through the endurance ritual. According to her, in that era it’s foolish if she a modern Indian girl still has to join Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual. It is better for the girls to stay at home, but unfortunately she has no choice. The second one is ego or reality principle. In the last, Mary joined Ta-Na-E-Ka. Even though she still has feeling of displeasure, but she has no choice. She has to do the role where she lives and I think the most reason she has to do the ritual is because her grandfather in charge of the ritual. The third or the last one is super ego, moral sensor. The Mary’s moral sensor is her mother and her grandfather. I can say her mother because Mary has ever complained to her mother about the ritual, but her mother doesn’t accept her complains and tells her that she will proud of it if she can pass Ta-Na-E-Ka. I think Mary wants to obey what her mother asked. Meanwhile her grandfather is in charge of Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual. I think it isn’t polite for her if she escape from Ta-Na-E-Ka.
The next analyzes is about Mary’s dreams or it’s called the concept of repression. Mary’s dream is that she refuses to join Ta-Na-E-Ka. She ever complains it to her mother and her schoolteacher, but they do not agree with Mary’s opinion. To be more exact, I am going to analyze the two concept of dream (latent and manifest). The Mary’s fantasy where she wants to meet knights in armor and become a fair ladies in flowing gowns, being saved from dragon, because she has no intention of living on a reservation for the rest of her life. This Mary’s dream belongs to latent. The second concept is manifest. The manifest is finally she joined Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual, but she does it in her own way. She makes her entire period of Ta-Na-E-Ka without stay in wild area like the original role.
The last analyze is concept of repression. In the short story, Mary tried to replace her father character by Ernie. In psychological analysis it’s called electra complex, where a girl lean to the older men. Well, Ernie is a person whom she met when she is in the progress of Ta-Na-E-Ka. In Ernie’s restaurant, Mary stays in her entire period of Ta-Na-E-Ka. There, she gets many Ernie’s attention. Ernie teaches Mary how to make western omelet and Chili Ernie Style. She also looks for flower for Ernie’s table. It is enough showing if Mary lean to Ernie, such like a girl lean to her father.
In short, from my small explanation above, it can be conclude that what Mary did not wrong at all, she just has different way in doing Ta-Na-E-ka in modern time.
3. CONCLUSION
Psychological approach is an analyzing literature based on the behavior of the character. It needs deeper understanding so that the behavior of Mary, the character that I’ve chosen to be analyzed, in the short story Ta-Na-E-Ka by Mary Whitebird can be analyzed well. To my conclusion, Mary has many characteristics such as smart, brave, responsible, and honest, those characteristics of Mary are based on the psychological analysis that I’ve done in previous chapter.
Furthermore, the model of psycho of the Mary, for the id first, Mary doesn’t want to join Ta-Na-E-Ka, than the reality principle is that at least Mary joins Ta-Na-E-Ka, and the last model of psycho is the super ego or moral sensor, Mary’s moral sensor in Joining Ta-na-E-Ka is her mother and her grand father.
4. REFERENCES
http://americanindiansinchildrensliterature.blogspot.com/2009/09/who-is-mary-whitehead.html
http://afemaleguest.multiply.com/journal/item/525/TA-NA-E-KA
The copy of short story Ta-Na-E-Ka by Mary Whitebird
please feel free to read this article :))
The short story entitled TA-NA-EKA by Mary Whitebird tells about a tradition of Indian tribe. The tradition is about a ritual survival that every the Indian people who are in the age of eleven have to join it. But many younger families on the reservation begin to give up the old custom. Maybe those many younger families didn’t do the Ta-Na-E-Ka anymore but they still remember or keep in their mind and tell to their children as a tradition history. Well, in that tradition the participants have to know how to survive by them self in wilderness using Indian traditional clothes and Mary is the Indian girl who wants to escape from TA-NA-EKA. She complains to her mother and her teacher, but she didn’t get any response and still have to join it. Another reason why she can’t leave TA-NA-EKA is because of her grand father, actually her granfather is person who is in charge of TA-NA-EKA. At least, Mary and her cousin Roger come to the ritual. The two children go in different way : Roger makes his ritual in normal way, he try to survive in wilderness, meanwhile Mary, she makes her ritual in uncommon way, she stay in a restaurant and gets a lot of foods. Actually, according to the role, Mary hasn’t passed the ritual and is asked to repeat it, but she refuses and explains that she has passed the ritual by her brain.
Well, the character Mary here is shown a clever girl in solving her problem. She has many tricks to face her problem by herself, i.e when she has to join Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual, actually she wants to escape from it, but in the end, she joins and make the ritual by her way. This is the part that I like most. That’s way I choose Mary as the object of psychological aspect. She shows to the reader how we should manage a problem. In the real life there must be many problems, and Mary shows to me how to manage a problem without appearing any new problem. According to the story, Ta-Na-E-Ka is survival ritual in the woods. That is the ritual based on the ancient rule, just like Mary’s grandfather did. Meanwhile Mary makes the ritual in modern way. It should be right, because in the story Mary lives in modern era, different with her grandfather era, and Mary knows how to survive well.
2. CONTENT
The general description of the character Mary is that she is an eleven Kaw girl from Indian tribe. She is a good student and loves her school. It is explicitly stated in the story in the first page. She has a smart thinking, we can see from the way she manage her self in joining Ta-Na-E-ka. We know that only the smart or creative who can think or manage how to preserve in wild area without doing unfair. She has different way with the original role. She can preserve her self without living in wild area. We can imply that it may represent how Indian people should survive in modern era. Next characteristic of Mary is that she is responsible girl, it shows from her promise which is convincing her schoolteacher how she can pay for her rent. Mary is also brave. Why I can say so? I know it from the way she explains her Ta-Na-E-Ka to her grandfather. Although maybe in the story Mary didn’t realize her brave. Mary is also honest girl, I can say so from the way she explained her Ta-Na-E-Ka to her family. Even though she knows that her family would complain about it, she still keeps telling the truth, whether what she is eaten, where she is staying, and etc. Another character is Mary actually loves her Indian tradition, although she didn’t realize it. It is when she explains about her tradition to Ernie, the people whom she met in her Ta-Na-E-ka progress. She explains everything well and her story shows that she is prove with her tradition.
In analyzing the psychology development, I’d like to start from the model of psycho first. The id or pleasure principal of Mary is she wanted to escape from Ta-Na-E-Ka. Mary taught if girls shouldn’t have go through the endurance ritual. According to her, in that era it’s foolish if she a modern Indian girl still has to join Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual. It is better for the girls to stay at home, but unfortunately she has no choice. The second one is ego or reality principle. In the last, Mary joined Ta-Na-E-Ka. Even though she still has feeling of displeasure, but she has no choice. She has to do the role where she lives and I think the most reason she has to do the ritual is because her grandfather in charge of the ritual. The third or the last one is super ego, moral sensor. The Mary’s moral sensor is her mother and her grandfather. I can say her mother because Mary has ever complained to her mother about the ritual, but her mother doesn’t accept her complains and tells her that she will proud of it if she can pass Ta-Na-E-Ka. I think Mary wants to obey what her mother asked. Meanwhile her grandfather is in charge of Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual. I think it isn’t polite for her if she escape from Ta-Na-E-Ka.
The next analyzes is about Mary’s dreams or it’s called the concept of repression. Mary’s dream is that she refuses to join Ta-Na-E-Ka. She ever complains it to her mother and her schoolteacher, but they do not agree with Mary’s opinion. To be more exact, I am going to analyze the two concept of dream (latent and manifest). The Mary’s fantasy where she wants to meet knights in armor and become a fair ladies in flowing gowns, being saved from dragon, because she has no intention of living on a reservation for the rest of her life. This Mary’s dream belongs to latent. The second concept is manifest. The manifest is finally she joined Ta-Na-E-Ka ritual, but she does it in her own way. She makes her entire period of Ta-Na-E-Ka without stay in wild area like the original role.
The last analyze is concept of repression. In the short story, Mary tried to replace her father character by Ernie. In psychological analysis it’s called electra complex, where a girl lean to the older men. Well, Ernie is a person whom she met when she is in the progress of Ta-Na-E-Ka. In Ernie’s restaurant, Mary stays in her entire period of Ta-Na-E-Ka. There, she gets many Ernie’s attention. Ernie teaches Mary how to make western omelet and Chili Ernie Style. She also looks for flower for Ernie’s table. It is enough showing if Mary lean to Ernie, such like a girl lean to her father.
In short, from my small explanation above, it can be conclude that what Mary did not wrong at all, she just has different way in doing Ta-Na-E-ka in modern time.
3. CONCLUSION
Psychological approach is an analyzing literature based on the behavior of the character. It needs deeper understanding so that the behavior of Mary, the character that I’ve chosen to be analyzed, in the short story Ta-Na-E-Ka by Mary Whitebird can be analyzed well. To my conclusion, Mary has many characteristics such as smart, brave, responsible, and honest, those characteristics of Mary are based on the psychological analysis that I’ve done in previous chapter.
Furthermore, the model of psycho of the Mary, for the id first, Mary doesn’t want to join Ta-Na-E-Ka, than the reality principle is that at least Mary joins Ta-Na-E-Ka, and the last model of psycho is the super ego or moral sensor, Mary’s moral sensor in Joining Ta-na-E-Ka is her mother and her grand father.
4. REFERENCES
http://americanindiansinchildrensliterature.blogspot.com/2009/09/who-is-mary-whitehead.html
http://afemaleguest.multiply.com/journal/item/525/TA-NA-E-KA
The copy of short story Ta-Na-E-Ka by Mary Whitebird
please feel free to read this article :))
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